Juneau is a city, coextensive with Juneau Borough, in SouthEastern Alaska, in the Panhandle region, the capital of the state and a port on Gastineau Channel opposite Douglas Island.

Located at the base of Mount Roberts and of Mount Juneau, the city, incorporated in 1900, is the commercial and distribution center for the Panhandle region.

Industries include government activities, fishing and fish processing, lumbering, mining, and tourism. Transportation to and from the city is principally by boat or airplane.

Juneau is the site of the University of Alaska, SouthEast (1956); the Alaska State Museum; and the Last Chance Mining Museum. Mendenhall Glacier and Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve are nearby.

In 1880, Joseph Juneau and Richard Harris discovered gold in the area, which led to the development of the settlement as a gold-mining town. While most gold mining ended in the 1940s, the early 1990s saw a renewed interest in this activity.

Juneau was officially made the capital of the territory of Alaska in 1900, but government offices were not moved here from Sitka until six years later.

When Alaska entered the Union in 1959, Juneau was retained as the state capital. In 1974, Alaskans voted to move the capital to a more central location; as of 1992, however, the interest in moving has declined.

In 1970, Juneau’s boundaries were greatly extended, making it one of the largest communities in area in the U.S. (land area 1990, 6716 sq km/2594 sq mi).