Japan is an island nation lying off the east coast of Asia.

Its insular character has allowed it to develop a unique and intricate culture, and its people have always placed emphasis on inner balance, tranquility and natural beauty.

Over the past centuries, Japan enjoyed a long period of relative political stability isolated from foreign influence, and this policy enabled Japan to enjoy a flowering of its indigenous culture.

It was only in 1854 when Japan opened its ports after signing the Treaty of Kanagawa with the US, and began to intensively modernize and industrialize.

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan became a regional power that was able to defeat the forces of both China and Russia.

Japan attacked US forces in 1941 - triggering America’s entry into World War II - and soon occupied much of East and Southeast Asia.

After its defeat in World War II, Japan recovered to become a major economic power and an ally of the US.

While the emperor retains his throne as a symbol of national unity, elected politicians hold actual decision-making power.